School of Environmental Cleanliness

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. BackgroundOften we hear the slogans in various places, especially in sekoloah, that it invites us to maintain a healthy environment.

But the slogan was not we care about, the slogan was functioning only as mere decoration without any content, whereas the content of a slogan is very important for us. Many slogan that invites us to maintain cleanliness, but what reality? Students still littering, besides these students also tore up the paper in class and when eating a snack in the wrapper removal also in the A, although in places it has bins.

Of course we do not want our schools to be dirty, grungy and full of rubbish. Besides the waste we throw away carelessly earlier can also pollute the environment, both in the classroom and outside the classroom and can also cause learning environment we are comfortable.

B. Discussion destinationOn the topic of this time, we want to build a vital role in creating a healthy environment. Because, when a healthy environment then all living beings that exist around us will be able to breathe properly. Especially we as students can receive learning materials properly. Because if the classrooms are clean, the air must be cool. And therefore the brain can function perfectly and usefulness.

The brain can work quickly. If healthy and clean environment, the brain can work faster than any of the objects ever. Because the brain has millions - millions of stimuli that covers and protects the brain so that the brain can work with the maximum.At least, with the police, we also have to preserve and maintain and appreciate our talents in science and technology. Because successful people must have come from a clean and healthy environment. So that he can focus on learning he received.

CHAPTER IIDISCUSSION

 There are some important issues that should be discussed in this paper, are:1) Clean environment encouraging studentsIn every aspect and behavior of students must be seen from her habit every day. So with the class even though the school environment. When the school and classroom environments including classrooms clean and organized as well - well, then the motivation to learn timbulpun will invite friends - friends to follow the spirit of the learning.

2) Clean environment into schools of excellenceWe know that the cleanliness of the school environment also have a big impact for students and even more so for the school itself. Because everyone would investigate the situation and to the school before a student is in school. So, to maintain the good name of the school, each driving - driving must maintain the cleanliness and comfort at school and school safety. Advance for students / student at SMP Negeri 1 Dolok Panribuan.

3) Conduct a school mirrorIn every aspect, the behavior of an individual affects his future character. Thus, the school was rated by the local community with a variety of characteristics of a person's view of students and a group of students at SMP Negeri 1 Dolok Panribuan. This is called the mirror of personality. That shows the characteristics of a student at SMP Negeri 1 Dolok Panribuan.

4) Cleanliness can facilitate human brainWe need to know that the environment is clean or not largely affect the human brain. Because oxygen in the form of O2 is inhaled through the lungs - pulmonary mostly serves to facilitate the circulation of blood through the human brain neurons. This has always been feared by humans. So they can keep the environment clean disekitarya.

5) Planting trees for the environmentReplanting of trees or the most synonymous with greening can influence the amount of oxygen that can be inhaled by humans. When a tree is planted on the school - a shady tree, then in that place there is certainly plenty of clean, fresh oxygen. And trees - trees can also reduce pollution and direct sunlight.

* Learning TheoriesAccording Sukmadinata (2004: 167) learning theories derived from theory or stream - stream psychology. Broadly speaking there are three large clumps known psychology, namely: the theory of mental discipline, behaviorism, and cognitive-gestalt - field.

1. The theory of mental disciplineAccording to the psychology of the individual clumps have the power capability or potential certain. Learning is the development of the forces and capabilities such potential. How is the process of developing those strengths of each flow or theory put forward different views.

2. The theory of behaviorismClumps of this theory called behaviorism because it emphasizes the behavior or behavior that can be observed. Theories in this family are molecular, because looking at the lives of individuals composed of elements like molecules.

3. The theory of cognitive-gestalt-fieldClumps third is cognitive-gestalt-field. If behaviorism is molecular clumps (emphasizing the elements), the clumps are molars or be whole and integrity. Cognitive theory, developed by cognitive psychologists, in contrast to behaviorism theory, that the master of human life is knowing (knowing) and not a response.

However, it is necessary to start all we know in advance how the principles of the system, where there are differences in approach and the top-down paradigm of bottom-up paradigm in different layers. Among the educational system paradigm of top-down approaches such as determining the provision for learners cultivate whereas the bottom-up paradigm of basic rules and ensure the availability of resources.

In the system of management by top-down paradigm must be able to demonstrate operational instructions while the bottom-up paradigm only provide the information and resources necessary to set without the need to show operational guidance. In the top-down paradigm and learning systems must be able to carry out the directions and oversee that everything is in accordance with the instructions. But according to the bottom-up paradigm of teaching and learning system should be able to design the first guidelines to be implemented and managing learning resources in order to attract students so that the students' learning experience that is able to solve learning problems. Unlike the top-down paradigm where the learning experience of students only respond to the lesson.After understanding the paradigm of top-down and bottom-up then a teacher in the use of effective educational media, should have sufficient knowledge and understanding of media education / teaching. Knowledge according Oemar Hamalik (1985: 16), in Asnawir & Usman (2002: 18):

    The media as a communication tool in order to further streamline the learning process,
    The media serves as a tool to achieve educational goals,
    The use of media in teaching and learning,
    The relationship between the methods of teaching with educational methods,
    The value and benefits of educational media,
    Choosing and using educational media,
    Knowing the different types of educational media tools and techniques,
    Knowing the use of educational media in each subject taught,
    Make efforts innovations in media education. Because it is the medium of education is very important to achieving the goal of pendidikian menungjang itself.The environment is something natural phenomena around us, where there is interaction between biotic (living) and abiotic factors (non-living). Environment provides a stimulus (stimulus) to the individual and the individual otherwise respond to the environment. In the process of interaction that can occur in the form of a change in individual behavior change laku.Oemar Hamalik (2004: 194) in his theory of "Back to Nature" shows how important natural influences on the development of learners.

According Oemar Hamalik (2004: 195) Environment (environment) as a basis for teaching is conditional factors that influence individual behavior and learning is an important factor. Environment that is around us can serve as a learning resource. Environment includes: Communities around the school; physical environment around the school, the remaining ingredients or unused and used materials and when processed can be used as a source or a tool in learning, and natural events and the events that happen in the community.

So media learning environment is an understanding of a particular symptom or behavior of an object or a scientific observation about something that is in teaching students about the material before and after receiving materials from the school by bringing experiences and discoveries with what they encounter in their environment. With the use of the environment as a medium of learning is the teacher hopes students will be more familiar with the environment that fosters the love of the surrounding environment. The first step to do (Asnawir & Usman, 2002: 109):

    School yard planted with herbs and flowers;
    Bringing plants and animals into the classroom;
    Strive to collect grass and leaves (herbarium), insects (Insectarium), fish and other aquatic (aquarium);

 4. Using rocks and shellfish, all of these can be used as a source of learning.Utilization of the environment as a medium of learning is more meaningful because the students are confronted with the actual events and circumstances naturally, making it more real, more factual, and truth can be justified. Many of the benefits derived from the activities of learning environments in the learning process (Sudjana & Rivai, 2002: 208):

    Learning more interesting and not boring the students sitting in a classroom for hours, so that students' motivation will be higher,
    The nature of learning will be more meaningful because the students are confronted with a situation and the actual situation or are natural,
    Materials that can be studied richer and more factual that its truth is more accurate,
    Learning is more comprehensive and more active because it can be done in various ways such as observing, questioning or interview, to prove or demonstrate, examine the facts,
    Learning resources are richer because the environment that can be learned can be varied as a social environment, natural environment, the built environment, etc., and students to understand and appreciate the aspects of life that exist in their environment, so as to form a personal familiar with the life around, and can foster a love of the environment.
 
    In addition to utilizing the environment must meet certain conditions including:
    Must comply with the outlines of the teaching program,
    Can attract the attention of students,
    Live and thrive in the midst of society,
    Children can develop skills to interact with the environment,
    Closely related to the students, and
    Can develop students' knowledge and experience.

Basically reporting of learning outcomes is an activity to communicate and explain the results of the assessment of a teacher's student growth. Then the information about the assessment process and the learning outcomes and teaching outcomes in the form of control indicator set, by learners get the results of this assessment can be used as a means to motivate students in learning achievement, in order to improve the quality of learning. The form reports the results of an assessment process and learning outcomes include cognitive, affective, and psychomotor Haryati (2007: 115)According Sudjana (2002: 45) in the teaching-learning process, the type of learning outcomes expected to be achieved by students is important to know the teacher, so the teacher can design or redesign teaching accurately and meaningfully. Each teaching-learning process success is measured by how far the learning outcomes achieved by students, as well as measured in terms of the process. That is, how much the type of the student learning outcomes. Type of learning outcomes should be seen in the goals that will be achieved by the process of teaching and learning.

CHAPTER IIICLOSING
 A. CONCLUSION
Environment is one of the place or vehicle to be used as a medium of learning in the learning process, being able to generate interest and stimulate them to do and prove it. It is very well done and fits in the subjects of biology, because the students understanding of the biology is the science of recitation and of no value for life and also as a result of the learning experience that is verbalistis and never invited to learn out of the classroom while the biological sciences must be in accordance with what that exist in nature because, in high school biology is the science subjects in which students are required to understand the biological concepts and develop reasoning power to solve the problems facing everyday.

B.SUGESTION
In order to use the environment as a learning resource is well managed, it should be done step by step: planning, execution, and follow-up. In these steps, the teacher and students are actively involved so that the utilization of the environment becomes a shared responsibility.
Sumber : http://education-secret.blogspot.com/2013/03/kumpulan-artikel-bahasa-inggris-tentang_29.htm

MARKETING

The terms market and marketing can have several meanings depending upon they are used. The terms stock market refers to the buying and selling of shares in corporations as well as other activities related to stock trading and pricing. The important world stock markets are in London, geneva, New York, Tokyo, and Singapore. Another type of market is a grocery market, which is a palce where people purchase food. When economists use the world market they mean a set of forces on conditions that determine the price of product, such as the supply available for sale and the demand for it by consumers. The term marketing in business includes all of these meanings and more.
In the past, the concept of marketing emphasized sales. The producer or manufacturer made a product he wanted to sell. Marketing was the task of figuring out how to sell the product. Basically, selling would be accomplished by sales promotion, which included advertising and personal selling. In addition to sales promotion, marketing also involved the physical distribution of the product to the places where it was acyually sold. Distribution consisted of transportation, storage, and related services such as financing, standardization and grading, and the related risks.
The modern marketing concept encompasses all of the activities mentioned, but it is based on different set of principles. It subscribes to the notion that production can be economically justified only by consumption. In other words, goods should be produced only if they can be sold. Therefor, the producer should consider who is going to buy the product-or what the market for the product is before production begins. This is very different from making a product and then thinking about how to sell it.
Marketing now ivolves first deciding what constumers wants, and designing and producing a product that satisfies these wants at a profit to the company. Instead of concentrating solely on production, the company must consider the desires of the consumer, and this is much more difficult since it involves human behavior. Production, on the other hand, is mostly an engineering problem. Thus, demand and market forces are still an important aspect of modern marketing, but they are considered prior to the production process.
Because products are often marketed internationally, distribution has increased in importance. Goods must be at the place where the customer needs them or brought there. This is known as place utility; it adds value to a product. However,  many markets are separated from the place of production, which means that often both raw materials and finished products must be transported to the points where they are needed.
Raw materials requiring little or no special treatment can be transported by rail, ship, or barge at low cost. Large quantities of raw materials travel as bulk freight, but finished products that often require special treatment, such as refrigeration or careful handling, are usually transported by truck. This merchandise freight is usually smaller in volume and requires quicker delivery. Merchandise freight is a term for the transportation of manufactured goods.
Along all points of the distribution channel various amounts of storage are required. The time and manner of such storage depends upon the type of product. Inventories of this stored merchandise often need to be financed.
Modern marketing is therefore a coordinated system of many business activities, but basically it involves four things : (1) selling the correct product at the proper place, (2) selling it at a price determined by demand, (3) satisfying a customer’s need and wants, and (4) producing a profit for the company. (taken from you’re in business : building business English skills by john French).

Sumber : buku bahasa inggris Gunadarma

A LETTER TO A FRIEND

                                                            

By Mych Ryan

It’s always hurt to see you cry
To see tears falling like rain from the sky
And there’s no answer for why
I never question myself, I never try

It’s always hurt to know there’s nothing I can do
And fact that I don’t even know what to do
It’s so sad but so true
Feels like the color blue

Someday we’ll see we were wrong
And then we realize the day has done
Time won’t turn back, it’s no use to regret
It’s not easy to say good bye, but someway we have to try

Sometimes it’s hurt to remember
About the days we had together
And a piece of heart inside me
Carved with your smile, you can see…

It was the day when I used to care
Think about you, anytime, anywhere
The day when I used to drive you home
When the night was so cold and you were alone

That’s just history, saved properly in my memory
Now we are so far and so different, and yet so silent….
No voices when you say, just few words on my display
That’s OK. Thanks anyway….

PS. I’m sad about the problem you had
But don’t worry my friend,
I’ll be the man when you look behind

Sumber : http://www.lokerpuisi.web.id/2011/11/puisi-bahasa-inggris-populer.html

SNOW WHITE

a long time ago, in neverland, there live a very beautiful princess, Snow White. The Queen was her stepmother. she was very jealous of her beauty. So she wanted her to die. Snow White knew about the evil plan. She escaped into a forest. There she made friends with seven dwarfs.

The queen turned Snow White into a witch. Snow white did not realize it. the witch gave her a poisoned apple. As a result, Snow White was put into sleep for years. Fortunately, in the end, Prince charming revived her with a kiss. They lived together happily ever after.

The Frog and the Crocodile

Once, there was a frog who lived in the middle of a swamp. His entire family had lived in that swamp for generations, but this particular frog decided that he had had quite enough wetness to last him a lifetime. He decided that he was going to find a dry place to live instead.

The only thing that separated him from dry land was a swampy, muddy, swiftly flowing river. But the river was home to all sorts of slippery, slittering snakes that loved nothing better than a good, plump frog for dinner, so Frog didn't dare try to swim across.

So for many days, the frog stayed put, hopping along the bank, trying to think of a way to get across.

The snakes hissed and jeered at him, daring him to come closer, but he refused. Occasionally they would slither closer, jaws open to attack, but the frog always leaped out of the way. But no matter how far upstream he searched or how far downstream, the frog wasn't able to find a way across the water.

He had felt certain that there would be a bridge, or a place where the banks came together, yet all he found was more reeds and water. After a while, even the snakes stopped teasing him and went off in search of easier prey.

The frog sighed in frustration and sat to sulk in the rushes. Suddenly, he spotted two big eyes staring at him from the water. The giant log-shaped animal opened its mouth and asked him, "What are you doing, Frog? Surely there are enough flies right there for a meal."

The frog croaked in surprise and leaped away from the crocodile. That creature could swallow him whole in a moment without thinking about it! Once he was a satisfied that he was a safe distance away, he answered. "I'm tired of living in swampy waters, and I want to travel to the other side of the river. But if I swim across, the snakes will eat me."

The crocodile harrumphed in agreement and sat, thinking, for a while. "Well, if you're afraid of the snakes, I could give you a ride across," he suggested.

"Oh no, I don't think so," Frog answered quickly. "You'd eat me on the way over, or go underwater so the snakes could get me!"

"Now why would I let the snakes get you? I think they're a terrible nuisance with all their hissing and slithering! The river would be much better off without them altogether! Anyway, if you're so worried that I might eat you, you can ride on my tail."

The frog considered his offer. He did want to get to dry ground very badly, and there didn't seem to be any other way across the river. He looked at the crocodile from his short, squat buggy eyes and wondered about the crocodile's motives. But if he rode on the tail, the croc couldn't eat him anyway. And he was right about the snakes--no self-respecting crocodile would give a meal to the snakes.

"Okay, it sounds like a good plan to me. Turn around so I can hop on your tail."

The crocodile flopped his tail into the marshy mud and let the frog climb on, then he waddled out to the river. But he couldn't stick his tail into the water as a rudder because the frog was on it -- and if he put his tail in the water, the snakes would eat the frog. They clumsily floated downstream for a ways, until the crocodile said, "Hop onto my back so I can steer straight with my tail." The frog moved, and the journey smoothed out.

From where he was sitting, the frog couldn't see much except the back of Crocodile's head. "Why don't you hop up on my head so you can see everything around us?" Crocodile invited.

"But I don't want to see anything else," the frog answered, suddenly feeling nervous.

"Oh, come now. It's a beautiful view! Surely you don't think that I'm going to eat you after we're halfway across. My home is in the marsh-- what would be the point of swimming across the river full of snakes if I didn't leave you on the other bank?"

Frog was curious about what the river looked like, so he climbed on top of Crocodile's head. The river looked almost pretty from this view. He watched dragonflies darting over the water and smiled in anticipation as he saw firm ground beyond the cattails. When the crocodile got close enough, the frog would leap off his head towards freedom. He wouldn't give the croc a chance to eat him.

"My nose tickles," the crocodile complained suddenly, breaking into the frog's train of thought. "I think there might be a fly buzzing around it somewhere, or a piece of cattail fluff swept into it while I was taking you across the river."

"I don't see a fly," the frog said, peering at the crocodile's green snout. It seemed odd that anything could tickle a crocodile through it's thick skin.

"Would you go check my nose for a piece of cattail fluff, then?" the crocodile begged, twitching his nose. "I'm afraid I'll sneeze and send you flying. I don't want to feed you to the snakes." A tear seeped out of his eye, as if he was holding back a mighty sneeze.

The bank isn't too far, the frog thought. And it's the least he could do to repay him for bringing him over. So he hopped onto the crocodile's snout and checked the nostrils. Just a little closer, and he could jump... "I don't see--" he began.

Just then, with a terrific CHOMP! the frog disappeared. The crocodile licked his lips in satisfaction and gave a tiny half-sneeze. "Good, I feel much better already," he smiled, and turned around to go back home.

sumber : http://www.berryhs.com/2012/04/cerita-bahasa-inggris-singkat-lengkap.html

Scarlet Letter to No One

                            

There’s a hush in the bedroom. The bed lies in ruins.
Sheets litter that once nice floor.
Whispers touch the walls like love from a ghost.
There’s only one thing missing.

At night the lights go dim. People tend to shiver.
Some of them cry.
In the morning, people wake. Some feel.
Others, others just wish they could.

When they stand up their covers hit the ground.
Most times, you see who they are.
They stand bare, letting their eyes adjust.
Morning makes the most of them.

There are times when their eyes never close.
Maybe they’re afraid of the dark,
I’m more afraid of morning.
Every day starts with a wish. Some end in dreams.

I’ve been watching as the world turns.
Maybe if it turned faster
I could turn away from you.
I know I’ve written you this poem before.

Clothes stack themselves to Heaven,
But lately they’ve missed the point.
They’re climbing into space
And all the spaces nothing occupies.

If this whole poem were a metaphor, who’d know?
It’s not, but the thought counts just as much.
There’s something nice in honesty.
Honestly, I miss you. That’d sound better in a song.

I wonder if anyone else stays up at night
Just waiting to hear the door.
Hoping someone that they once held close
Would come wading through the clothes?

We all have dirty laundry and skeletons in the closet.
When I feel brave, I lay mine down as words,
Writing my scarlet letter to no one
In hopes that someone reads.

If you’re reading this then I hope you know I’m sorry.
My room is still a mess, so am I.
Don’t worry, dear, this all adds up the same.
It’s just another poem on another night
When I’m wishing I could dream.

Sumber : http://www.loper-koran.com/2013/02/koleksi-puisi-bahasa-inggris-cinta-dan.html